Fragrant simaba (Simaba suaveolens)
Simaba suaveolens - Botanical Overview and Distribution
First described by the French botanist Auguste de Saint-Hilaire in 1823, Simaba suaveolens occupies a specific ecological niche in southeastern Brazil. This species is endemic to the state of Minas Gerais, where it forms part of the regional flora.
It belongs to the family Simaroubaceae, a group recognized for its bitter compounds. The plant plays a role in the complex biodiversity of its native subtropical habitats.
Taxonomy
- ∟ царство Plantae
- ∟ division Tracheophytes
- ∟ subdivision Spermatophytes (Seed plants)
- ∟ Angiosperms
- ∟ mesangiosperms
- ∟ eudicots
- ∟ Superrosids
- ∟ rosids
- ∟ malvids
- ∟ order Sapindales
- ∟ family Simaroubaceae (Quassia family)
- ∟ genus Simaba (Simaba Tree)
- ∟ species Simaba suaveolens (Fragrant simaba)
Morphology
The plant grows as a small evergreen shrub or a low tree with dense wood. The bark of the branches has a characteristic grayish tint and contains bitter extracts. The leaves are arranged alternately; they are pinnately compound, consisting of several pairs of dense, leathery leaflets with entire margins.
Small greenish-white or yellowish flowers are gathered in large terminal panicles. They exude a pleasant, sweetish aroma, which is reflected in the specific epithet suaveolens. In place of the pollinated flowers, dense, elongated drupes form, containing oily seeds.
Interesting facts
The history and naming of this species highlight its unique place in botanical literature:
- Fragrant Epithet: The Latin name suaveolens means sweet-smelling, indicating that the plant may possess aromatic flowers or leaves.
- Historical Classification: Auguste de Saint-Hilaire first collected and described this species in 1823 during his extensive travels in Brazil.
Geography of distribution
- Minas Gerais
- Brazil
Sources
- Plants of the World Online (POWO)
- World Flora Online (WFO)
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)