Fluminense hackberry (Celtis fluminensis)

Brazilian hackberry Taleira
Silhouette: T. Michael Keesey / License

Celtis fluminensis: Botanical Details and Habitat

Native to the lush landscapes of South America, Celtis fluminensis contributes significantly to the forest canopy and understory structure. Currently accepted by taxonomic authorities as synonymous with Celtis brasiliensis, this woody species is valued in its native range for both ecological restoration and local timber use. The resilient root system and adaptable growth make it an essential component of the Atlantic Forest and neighboring biomes.

Taxonomy

  • ∟ царство Plantae
  • ∟ division Tracheophytes (Vascular Plants)
  • ∟ subdivision Spermatophytes (Seed plants)
  • ∟ Angiosperms
  • ∟ mesangiosperms
  • ∟ eudicots
  • ∟ Superrosids
  • ∟ rosids
  • ∟ order Rosales
  • ∟ family Cannabaceae (Hemp family)
  • ∟ genus Celtis (Hackberry)
  • ∟ species Celtis fluminensis (Fluminense hackberry)

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Morphology

As a notable tree species of South American forests, Celtis fluminensis possesses a sturdy trunk covered in relatively smooth, greyish bark. The foliage is composed of ovate-lanceolate leaves with lightly serrated margins and an asymmetrical base, a classic morphological trait of its genus.

The inflorescences consist of tiny, unshowy greenish flowers that give way to round drupes. These small fruits ripen to an orange or reddish-brown color and contain a rigid endocarp protecting the seed.

Flowering season

Spring (Southern Hemisphere)

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Dec

Applications

The timber derived from this tree is locally appreciated for firewood and the crafting of small wooden implements. In modern ecological practices, it is frequently selected for reforestation projects within the Atlantic Forest biome.

The deep-reaching root system effectively stabilizes soils in degraded areas, making it a valuable asset for land rehabilitation efforts.

Interesting facts

  • The specific epithet fluminensis geographically references the state of Rio de Janeiro, highlighting its historical collection origins.
  • Modern botanical databases consistently treat this taxon as a synonym for Celtis brasiliensis.
  • It acts as a vital host plant for the caterpillars of several native butterfly species found in the Neotropics.

Geography of distribution

  • Brazil
  • Argentina
  • Paraguay
  • Colombia

Sources

  • Plants of the World Online (POWO)
  • World Flora Online (WFO)
  • Tropicos

Technical Information

External Databases: GBIF, POWO, Tropicos

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