Sugarberry Small's (Celtis laevigata var. smallii)

Hackberry Small's sugarberry Nettle tree
Silhouette: T. Michael Keesey / License

Celtis laevigata var. smallii: Botanical Profile and Characteristics

This distinct botanical variety belongs to the Cannabaceae family and represents a specific morphological expression of the widespread sugarberry tree. It is recognized for its adaptive traits within its native woodland habitats.

As a deciduous species, it contributes significantly to the forest canopy and provides essential ecological value to local wildlife. The plant integrates seamlessly into varying soil conditions along riparian zones.

Taxonomy

  • ∟ царство Plantae
  • ∟ division Tracheophytes (Vascular Plants)
  • ∟ subdivision Spermatophytes (Seed plants)
  • ∟ Angiosperms
  • ∟ mesangiosperms
  • ∟ eudicots
  • ∟ Superrosids
  • ∟ rosids
  • ∟ order Rosales
  • ∟ family Cannabaceae (Hemp family)
  • ∟ genus Celtis (Hackberry)
  • ∟ species Celtis laevigata (Smooth-leaved hackberry)
  • ∟ variety Celtis laevigata var. smallii (Sugarberry Small's)

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Morphology

The tree develops a characteristic spreading crown with distinctive bark that often features corky, wart-like projections. Its leaves are typically alternate, simple, and asymmetrical at the base, which is a hallmark of the genus.

The flowers are small and inconspicuous, developing into small, fleshy drupes that transition from green to a reddish-orange or dark purple hue upon maturity.

Flowering season

Spring

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
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Jul
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Oct
Name
Dec

Applications

In natural ecosystems, this tree serves as a crucial habitat and food source for various bird species and mammals, which consume its sweet, nutritious fruits.

The wood, while not typically a primary commercial timber, is occasionally utilized in local woodworking and for producing sturdy, functional items.

Interesting facts

  • The genus Celtis has historically been placed in the elm family (Ulmaceae) but is now classified under the hemp family (Cannabaceae) based on molecular phylogenetic studies.
  • The fruits are capable of persisting on the branches well into the winter months, offering a vital food source for overwintering fauna.

Geography of distribution

  • United States

Sources

  • Plants of the World Online (POWO)
  • Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
  • Flora of North America

Technical Information

External Databases: GBIF, POWO, Tropicos

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