Pale multicolored simarouba (Simarouba versicolor var. pallida)
Simarouba versicolor var. pallida: Botanical Profile
Inhabiting the vast savannas and seasonal forests of South America, the evergreen woody tree Simarouba versicolor var. pallida exhibits distinct adaptational features.
This variety is distinguished by the pale coloration of its foliage and floral components. It plays a vital role in local dry forests, offering shelter and nourishment to various wildlife species.
Taxonomy
- ∟ царство Plantae
- ∟ division Tracheophytes
- ∟ subdivision Spermatophytes (Seed plants)
- ∟ Angiosperms
- ∟ mesangiosperms
- ∟ eudicots
- ∟ Superrosids
- ∟ rosids
- ∟ malvids
- ∟ order Sapindales
- ∟ family Simaroubaceae (Quassia family)
- ∟ genus Simarouba (Paradise tree)
- ∟ species Simarouba versicolor (Variegated bitterwood)
- ∟ variety Simarouba versicolor var. pallida (Pale multicolored simarouba)
Morphology
The vegetative structure of Simarouba versicolor var. pallida is defined by an upright trunk with smooth, light-grey bark. It typically develops a dense, rounded crown that provides moderate shade in open woodland habitats.
Its botanical details include the following features:
- Leaves: Pinnately compound structures with leaflets that are notably pale on the underside, displaying a glaucous or whitish-green tint.
- Flowers: Small, pale yellow or whitish blossoms grouped in large terminal panicles.
- Fruits: Oval drupes that turn dark purple or black when fully mature, resembling small plums.
Flowering season
Dry season, typically July to September
Applications
The bitter bark of Simarouba versicolor var. pallida is highly valued in regional folk medicine for its therapeutic properties. Infusions are traditionally prepared to treat gastrointestinal disorders, fevers, and parasitic infections.
The lightweight, pale timber is easily worked and commonly utilized in the manufacturing of light crates, matches, and simple toys. It also finds use in reforestation projects due to its resilience in degraded soils.
Interesting facts
The wood of this tree is remarkably light in weight, yet it remains resistant to insect damage due to the presence of natural bitter principles. This makes it a preferred local choice for crafting durable light structures.
- Etymology: The genus name originates from a Caribbean indigenous word, while the variety name pallida indicates the pale coloration of its vegetative parts.
- Ecological Role: Its deep root system allows it to survive the severe dry seasons of the South American Cerrado.
Geography of distribution
- Brazil
Sources
- POWO: Plants of the World Online database.
- Tropicos: Missouri Botanical Garden database.