Typical multicolored simarouba (Simarouba versicolor var. typica)
Simarouba versicolor var. typica: Overview of the Typical Variety
Thriving across the seasonal forests and savannas of South America, Simarouba versicolor var. typica exhibits the characteristic features of its species. This tree is recognized for its adaptation to transitional zones between humid forests and open shrublands. It plays an important role in soil stabilization and provides shelter for diverse woodland fauna.
Taxonomy
- ∟ царство Plantae
- ∟ division Tracheophytes
- ∟ subdivision Spermatophytes (Seed plants)
- ∟ Angiosperms
- ∟ mesangiosperms
- ∟ eudicots
- ∟ Superrosids
- ∟ rosids
- ∟ malvids
- ∟ order Sapindales
- ∟ family Simaroubaceae (Quassia family)
- ∟ genus Simarouba (Paradise tree)
- ∟ species Simarouba versicolor (Variegated bitterwood)
- ∟ variety Simarouba versicolor var. typica (Typical multicolored simarouba)
Morphology
The vegetative structures feature pinnately compound leaves with oblong to obovate leaflets that display a dark green, glossy upper surface and a paler underside. These leaflets are wider and more rounded at the apex compared to the angustifolia variety.
Inflorescences consist of terminal panicles bearing numerous small, unisexual, cream-colored flowers. The fruit is a cluster of drupes that mature to a dark hue, containing single seeds rich in natural oils.
Flowering season
Dry season
Applications
Extracts from the bark and roots are traditionally employed in regional herbal medicine for their anti-parasitic and antipyretic properties. The wood is also harvested locally for light construction and fuel.
Interesting facts
The bitter constituents of the bark have earned this plant various local names associated with its medicinal properties. These chemical compounds deter most generalist insect herbivores, helping the tree maintain its dense canopy.
Geography of distribution
- Brazil
- Bolivia
- Paraguay