Botanical Encyclopedia

Tree of Life

Gironnier tree
Hemp family (Cannabaceae) Rosales (Rosales) rosids (rosids) Superrosids (Superrosids) core eudicots (core eudicots) eudicots (eudicots) mesangiosperms (mesangiosperms) Angiosperms (Angiosperms) Seed plants (Spermatophytes) Tracheophytes (Tracheophytes) Plantae (Plantae) Tree of life (Plantae)

Plant Kingdom (Plantae)

Plants are an amazing kingdom of multicellular organisms possessing the unique ability to photosynthesize. By converting sunlight into organic matter, they have become the true foundation of life on our planet. It was plants that shaped the Earth's atmosphere by enriching it with oxygen, and to this day they sustain the vast majority of living beings.

From microscopic mosses to giant sequoias, Earth's flora amazes with its diversity and the perfection of its adaptation mechanisms. Botany is not just the science of stems and leaves; it is the study of the very foundation of the biosphere, understanding which is critically important for our common future and for preserving harmony on Earth.

Angiosperms

The most extensive and advanced group of plants, characterized by having flowers and fruits.

Gymnosperms

An ancient group of seed plants whose seeds develop exposed on the scales of cones.

Ferns

Elegant spore-bearing plants that flourished millions of years ago and have remained faithful to the forests.

Bryophytes

Tiny pioneers of the land, forming soft emerald carpets in the most diverse corners of the planet.

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Today, science knows of more than 1073942 species of plants, and every year botanists discover about two thousand new taxa.

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Plants produce about 90% of all oxygen on Earth, and the world's forests are a key regulator of our planet's climate.

Interactive Classifier

Alphabetical Plant Index

Explore Earth's vast flora through our systematic directory. You can navigate sections using both common names and strict scientific Latin names. Our fast, three-level navigation system will help you find your way among hundreds of thousands of species in a single click.

Latest Additions

Philippine False Elm

Philippine False Elm

Aphananthe philippinensis

A prominent rainforest tree from Australia and the Pacific, known for its sandpaper-like leaves and ecological value to wildlife.

Descendants: 0 Species
Invisible-flower tree

Invisible-flower tree

Aphananthe

A genus of deciduous or evergreen trees in the hemp family (Cannabaceae), famous for their extremely rough leaves used traditionally …

Descendants: 10 Genus
Muku tree

Muku tree

Aphananthe aspera

Aphananthe aspera, commonly known as the muku tree or scabrous aphananthe, is a large deciduous tree native to East Asia. …

Descendants: 2 Species
Gironnier tree

Gironnier tree

Gironniera

A genus of evergreen trees and shrubs in the Cannabaceae family, distributed across South and Southeast Asia, southern China, and …

Descendants: 27 Genus
Small-leaved Gironniera

Small-leaved Gironniera

Gironniera parvifolia

A tree species in the Cannabaceae family, known for its presence in the tropical ecosystems of Sri Lanka and Southeast …

Descendants: 0 Species
Lozano's nettle-tree

Lozano's nettle-tree

Lozanella

A small genus of Neotropical trees and shrubs in the hemp family (Cannabaceae), native to montane forests from Mexico to …

Descendants: 3 Genus
Soft-leaved greenwood

Soft-leaved greenwood

Lozanella permollis

A wild woody plant species native to the mountainous cloud forests of South America.

Descendants: 0 Species
Quassia Wood

Quassia Wood

Quassia

Quassia is a tropical plant genus in the family Simaroubaceae, famous for Quassia amara, which contains some of the bitterest …

Descendants: 51 Genus
Indian Quassia

Indian Quassia

Quassia indica

An evergreen mangrove and riverbank tree of tropical Asia and Africa, valued for its medicinal bark and bitter oils.

Descendants: 0 Species
Bitter Quassia

Bitter Quassia

Quassia amara

Quassia amara, commonly known as amargo or bitterwood, is a tropical shrub native to the Neotropics. Famous for containing quassin, …

Descendants: 1 Species
Blood-red Quassia

Blood-red Quassia

Quassia sanguinea

A rare tropical understory plant species native to Cameroon and Nigeria.

Descendants: 0 Species
Antidysenteric Brucea

Antidysenteric Brucea

Brucea antidysenterica

A tropical African shrub or small tree widely known for its traditional medicinal uses against dysentery and its highly toxic …

Descendants: 0 Species
Macassar kernel

Macassar kernel

Brucea javanica

A bitter, medicinal shrub native to Southeast Asia and Northern Australia, valued for its bioactive quassinoids.

Descendants: 0 Species
Macassar Kernel

Macassar Kernel

Brucea

Brucea is a genus of evergreen shrubs and small trees in the family Simaroubaceae, native to tropical Africa, Asia, and …

Descendants: 22 Genus
Paradise Tree

Paradise Tree

Simarouba glauca

An evergreen tropical tree famous for its glossy green foliage, bitter wood, and oil-rich seeds.

Descendants: 2 Species